Andrew Whitehouse

The prevalence of mental health disorders and symptoms in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mental health conditions and problems are often reported in children and adolescents with CP. A systematic review was undertaken to describe their prevalence.

Cytokine levels and associations with symptom severity in male and female children with autism spectrum disorder

ASD's are complex, pervasive and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions with varying conditions, trajectories, significant male bias and unknown etiology.

Exploring quality of life of children with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability: What are the important domains of life?

An estimated half of all children with cerebral palsy also have comorbid intellectual disability, the domains of QOL for these children are not well understood

A randomised controlled trial of an iPad-based application to complement early behavioural intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Technology-based interventions may provide a relatively low-cost addition to existing therapist-delivered interventions for children with ASD

Duration of general anaesthetic exposure in early childhood and long-term language and cognitive ability

Anaesthetic dose causing toxicity in animals has been evaluated, but the relationship between duration of VA exposure and development in children remains vague.

Hypermasculinised facial morphology in boys and girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder and its association with symptomatology

This is the first study demonstrating facial hypermasculinisation in ASD and its relationship to social-communication difficulties in prepubescent children

Investigating facial phenotype in autism spectrum conditions: The importance of a hypothesis driven approach

The identification of differences in the facial phenotype of individuals with ASC may contribute to efforts to promote early identification of the condition and help elucidate etiological pathways.

Acoustic Properties of Cries in 12-Month Old Infants at High-Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder

There is preliminary evidence that infant siblings of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder have an atypical pattern of crying

Latent Class Analysis of Neurodevelopmental Deficit After Exposure to Anesthesia in Early Childhood

Some studies suggest an association between early exposure to anesthesia, surgery and long term developmental deficit, clinical phenotype of children is unknown

Late talkers and later language outcomes: Predicting the different language trajectories

The aim of the current study was to investigate the risk factors present at 2 years for children who showed language difficulties that persisted

Relationship between early motor milestones and severity of restricted and repetitive behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

This study provides the first evidence for the association between restricted and repetitive behaviors and age of attainment of early motor milestones.

A Relationship Between Early Language Skills and Adult Autistic-Like Traits: Evidence from a Longitudinal Population-Based Study

This is the first study to show an association between early language ability and autistic-like traits in adulthood

Brief Report: An Exploratory Study of the Diagnostic Reliability for Autism Spectrum Disorder

We conducted a study that examined the concordance of diagnoses between a multidisciplinary assessment team and a range of clinicians in Australia.

Umbilical cord androgens and estrogens in relation to verbal and nonverbal abilities at age 10 in the general population

These data suggest that late gestation sex steroids do not exert a major effect on nonverbal and verbal abilities in middle childhood.

Protective benefit of predominant breastfeeding against otitis media may be limited to early childhood: results from a prospective birth cohort study

Our findings are in line with a number of epidemiological studies which show a positive association between breastfeeding and OM in early childhood

Qualitative Analysis of Parental Observations on Quality of Life in Australian Children with Down Syndrome

We investigated parental observations to identify QOL domains in children with Down Syndrome and determined whether domains differed between children and teens.

Evidence of a reduction over time in the behavioral severity of autistic disorder diagnoses

This study provides the first clear evidence of a reduction over time in the behavioral severity of individuals diagnosed with Autistic Disorder during a period of stability in diagnostic criteria

Evidence of a reduction over time in the behavioral severity of autistic disorder diagnoses

We examined whether there were changes over time in the qualitative and quantitative phenotype of individuals who received the diagnosis of Autistic Disorder.

Beyond the hype and hope: Critical considerations for intranasal oxytocin research in autism spectrum disorder

In this review, we comprehensively evaluate the rationale for oxytocin as a therapeutic, evaluating evidence from various various sources.

Commentary: Are we expecting too much from the extreme male brain theory of autism? A reflection on Kung et al. (2016)

This commentary highlights inconsistent findings that undermine the extreme male brain theory autism but data may not present an adequate test of the hypothesis

Obesity and associated factors in youth with an autism spectrum disorder

Prevalence of overweight/obesity in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder, and associations between weight status and range of factors

Randomised controlled trial of an iPad based early intervention for autism: TOBY playpad study protocol

This trial will determine the effectiveness of the TOBY App as a therapeutic complement to other early interventions children with ASD receive

A Genome-Wide Association Meta-Analysis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Population-Based Pediatric Cohorts

The SNP-based heritability for ADHD symptom scores indicates a polygenic architecture, and genes involved in neurite outgrowth are possibly involved

Diagnostic evaluation for autism spectrum disorder: A survey of health professionals in Australia

Reported practice of some professionals in Australia may not be consistent with international best practice guidelines for ASD diagnosis

Mothers of Children with Autism have Different Rates of Cancer According to the Presence of Intellectual Disability in Their Child

Mothers of children with autism without ID had increased risk of cancer, which may relate to common genetic pathways

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Language Disorder, and Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder: Overlaps, Distinguishing Features, and Clinical Implications

Strictly defined cases of social (pragmatic) communication disorder and specific language impairment can be distinguished from autism spectrum disorder

CATALISE: A multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study. Identifying language impairments in children

Delayed or impaired language development is a common developmental concern, yet there is little agreement about the criteria used to identify and classify...

A genome-wide approach to children's aggressive behavior: The EAGLE consortium

Common variants at 2p12 show suggestive evidence for association with childhood aggression

Short report: Relationship between restricted and repetitive behaviours in children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents

Restricted and repetitive behaviours constitute a core symptom domain of autism spectrum disorder

Conceptualizing a quality of life framework for girls with Rett syndrome using qualitative methods

Existing quality of life scales for children in the general population or with other disabilities did not capture the QOL of children with Rett syndrome

A Prospective Ultrasound Study of Prenatal Growth in Infant Siblings of Children With Autism

Identified no significant differences between the high- and low-risk fetuses in the rate of prenatal head and body growth throughout the 2nd and 3rd-trimester

Prenatal testosterone exposure is related to sexually dimorphic facial morphology in adulthood

Prenatal testosterone may have a powerful masculinizing effect on postnatal physical characteristics.

Evidence for shared deficits in identifying emotions from faces and from voices in autism spectrum disorders and specific language impairment

While autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and specific language impairment (SLI) have traditionally been conceptualized as distinct disorders, recent findings...

Perceived gender ratings for high and low scorers on the autism-spectrum quotient consistent with the extreme male brain account of autism

This study tested the 'Extreme Male Brain' theory & androgyny accounts of Autism spectrum disorder.

Impact of adolescent peer aggression on later educational and employment outcomes in an Australian cohort

This study used prospective birth cohort data to analyse the relationship between peer aggression at 14 years of age and educational and employment outcomes...

Maternal vitamin D deficiency alters fetal brain development in the BALB/c mouse.

Prenatal exposure to vitamin D is thought to be critical for optimal fetal neurodevelopment, yet vitamin D deficiency is apparent in a growing proportion of...

The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study.

While previous studies have found a link between testosterone levels in amniotic fluid and autistic-like traits, a similar relationship has not been found...

Prevalence and risk factors for parent-reported recurrent otitis media during early childhood

The prevalence of parent-reported rOM was 26.8% (611/2280) and 5.5% (125/2280) for severe rOM in the Study.

Sexually dimorphic facial features vary according to level of autistic-like traits in the general population

The current data provide support for Bejerot et al.'s androgyny account since males and females with high levels of autistic-like traits generally showed...

Lack of replication for the myosin-18B association with mathematical ability in independent cohorts

Twin studies indicate that dyscalculia (or mathematical disability) is caused partly by a genetic component, which is yet to be understood at the molecular...

Adult digit ratio (2D:4D) is not related to umbilical cord androgen or estrogen concentrations, their ratios or net bioactivity

Ratio of second digit length to fourth digit length (2D:4D) has been extensively used in human and experimental research as a marker of fetal sex steroid...

TOBY play-pad application to teach children with ASD-A pilot trial.

To investigate use patterns and learning outcomes associated with the use of Therapy Outcomes By You (TOBY. Playpad, an early intervention iPad application.

Vitamin D in fetal development: Findings from a birth cohort study

Birth cohort studies provide an invaluable resource for studies of the influence of the fetal environment on health in later life.

A prospective ultrasound study of prenatal growth in infant siblings of children with autism

Numerous studies have observed that a proportion of infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience accelerated head growth...

MACROD2 gene associated with autistic-like traits in a general population sample

The MACROD2 gene is a strong positional candidate risk factor for autistic-like traits in the general population

Are there differences in the behavioural phenotypes of Autism Spectrum Disorder probands from simplex and multiplex families?

Behavioural differences in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from simplex and multiplex families

The association between prenatal environment and children’s mental health trajectories from 2 to 14 years

This study aimed to elucidate how an adverse prenatal environment, as defined by the presence of a number of known prenatal risk factors, would influence...

Prevalence and risk factors for parent-reported recurrent otitis media during early childhood

The objective was to describe the prevalence and risk factors of recurrent otitis media (rOM) in an urban Australian population at 3 years of age.

Common variation near ROBO2 is associated with expressive vocabulary in infancy

In this paper we conduct a genome-wide screen and follow-up study of expressive vocabulary in toddlers of European descent from up to four studies of the...

Is the broad autism phenotype in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder exacerbated by the challenges of caring for their children?

This qualitative study of parental interviews provided a preliminary examination of whether behaviours consistent with the BAP may have been exacerbated by...

Prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal risk factors for specific language impairment: A prospective pregnancy cohort study

Although genetic factors are known to play a causal role in specific language impairment (SLI), environmental factors may also be important. This study...

No population bias to left-hemisphere language in 4-year-olds with language impairment

An apparent paradox in the field of neuropsychology is that people with atypical cerebral lateralization do not appear to suffer any cognitive disadvantage,...

Perinatal testosterone exposure and cerebral lateralisation in adult males: Evidence for the callosal hypothesis

Two competing theories address the influence of foetal testosterone on cerebral laterality: one proposing exposure to high foetal testosterone concentrations...

Re-analysis of the association between perinatal androgens and postnatal head circumference growth

This paper is a correction of an earlier report that identified a link between exposure to high levels of testosterone during pregnancy and reduced head...

Comparative analysis of outcome measures used in examining neurodevelopmental effects of early childhood anesthesia exposure

This paper reports on data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study to examine whether exposure to anesthetics in children younger than 3...

Towards a molecular characterization of autism spectrum disorders: An exome sequencing and systems approach

This paper profiles the functional pattern of DNA variants found at a higher rate in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), X-linked intellectual...

Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and bone mass in offspring at 20 years of age: A prospective cohort study

This longitudinal, prospective study investigated the association between maternal vitamin D status and peak bone mass of offspring in 341 mother and...

Vitamin D deficiency at 16 to 20 weeks' gestation is associated with impaired lung function and asthma at 6 years of age

This paper examines whether a Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy affects the child's lung function predisposition towards lung disease such as asthma.

Measurement of androgen and estrogen concentrations in cord blood: Accuracy, biological interpretation, and applications to understanding human behavioral development

This review examines the accuracy and biological interpretation of the measurement of androgens and estrogens in cord blood. The use of cord blood hormones...

Low maternal serum vitamin D during pregnancy and the risk for postpartum depression symptoms

Pregnancy is a time of vulnerability for vitamin D insufficiency, and there is an emerging literature associating low levels of 25(OH)-vitamin D with...

Moving beyond behaviour-only assessment: Incorporating biomarkers to improve the early detection and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders

This paper presents a response to the Camarata (2014) lead article regarding the accuracy and effectiveness of early identification and early intervention...

A Genome-wide Association Meta-analysis of Preschool Internalizing Problems

In this study, the influence of genome-wide measured single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was investigated in 3 cohorts (total N = 4,596 children) in which...

High use of complementary and alternative medication among children with autism is not associated with the severity of core symptoms

This study provided evidence for high rate of alternative medicine use in an Australian paediatric ASD population, similar to other countries.

Brief Report: Further Evidence for a Link Between Inner Speech Limitations and Executive Function in High-Functioning Children with Autism

This study investigated the involvement of inner speech limitations in the executive dysfunction associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).

Genome-wide association study of autistic-like traits in a general population study of young adults

Research has proposed that autistic-like traits in the general population lie on a continuum, with clinical ASD representing the extreme end of this...

Common variation contributes to the genetic architecture of social communication traits

A "bottom-up" approach to aetiological research in autism spectrum disorders

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are currently diagnosed in the presence of impairments in social interaction and communication, and a restricted range of...

Autism spectrum disorder in children born preterm: Role of exposure to perinatal inflammation

This review aims to summarise and evaluate the potential mechanisms and evidence for the role of prenatal infection on the central nervous system, and how it...

Diet in the early years of life influences cognitive outcomes at 10 years: A prospective cohort study

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between diet during the first 3 years of life and cognitive outcomes at 10 years of age.

Maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and offspring eating disorder risk in adolescence

This is the first study to link low gestational vitamin D to increased eating disorder risk in female offspring of Caucasian mothers.

Evidence for Distinct Cognitive Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Specific Language Impairment

This finding supports distinct cognitive profiles in ASD and SLI and may provide further evidence for distinct aetiological mechanisms in the two conditions.

Complementary and alternative medicine for autism spectrum disorders: Rationale, safety and efficacy

There is insufficient evidence to draw conclusions on the efficacy of modified diets, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, immune therapy, and vitamin and fatty acid...

Associations between Handedness and Cerebral Lateralisation for Language: A Comparison of Three Measures in Children

It has been suggested that quantitative measures of differential hand skill or reaching preference may provide more valid measures than traditional...

Is autism one or multiple disorders?

Elucidating the underlying nature of the disorder(s) is a crucial step towards tailoring intervention to the biological and cognitive makeup of each individual.

Delivery at 37 weeks' gestation is associated with a higher risk for child behavioural problems

We suggest that 37 weeks' gestation may not be the optimal cutoff for defining perinatal risk as it applies to behavioural development.

Hypertensive diseases of pregnancy predict parent-reported difficult temperament in infancy

These data suggest that the link between maternal hypertensive diseases of pregnancy and child behavioral development begins in the first year of life.

Brief Report: Do the Nature of Communication Impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorders Relate to the Broader Autism Phenotype in Parents?

This research explored the relationship between the broader autism phenotype (BAP) among parents, an index of genetic liability for ASD, and proband...

The association between perinatal testosterone concentration and early vocabulary development

Prenatal exposure to testosterone is known to affect fetal brain maturation and later neurocognitive function.

Maternal Vitamin D Levels and the Autism Phenotype Among Offspring

We tested whether maternal vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy is related to the autism phenotype.

Umbilical Cord Blood Testosterone and Childhood Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior: A Prospective Study

Antenatal testosterone exposure influences fetal neurodevelopment and gender-role behavior in postnatal life and may contribute to differences in...

Adolescent peer aggression and its association with mental health and substance use in an Australian cohort

Prospective longitudinal birth cohort data was used to examine the association between peer aggression at 14yrs and mental health and substance use at 17yrs...

Fetal Testosterone, Socio-Emotional Engagement and Language Development

The present study investigated the relations among fetal testosterone, child socio-emotional engagement and language development...

Perinatal testosterone exposure and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy-cohort study

Increased prenatal testosterone exposure has been hypothesized as a mechanism underlying autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

Androgen concentrations in umbilical cord blood and their association with maternal, fetal and obstetric factors

The aim of this study was to measure umbilical blood androgen concentrations in a birth cohort using a highly specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass...

Sex-specific associations between umbilical cord blood testosterone levels and language delay in early childhood

Preliminary evidence suggests that prenatal testosterone exposure may be associated with language delay.

Are Prenatal Ultrasound Scans Associated with the Autism Phenotype? Follow-up of a Randomised Controlled Trial

An existing randomised controlled trial was used to investigate whether multiple ultrasound scans may be associated with the autism phenotype.

Do hypertensive diseases of pregnancy disrupt neurocognitive development in offspring?

The current study sought to determine whether gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia are associated with neurocognitive outcomes in middle childhood.

Maternal serum vitamin D levels during pregnancy and offspring neurocognitive development

The objective was to determine the association between maternal serum 25(OH)-vitamin D concentrations and behavioural, emotional and language outcomes...

Do Children with Specific Language Impairment have a Cognitive Profile Reminiscent of Autism? A Review of the Literature

This paper reviews relevant literature on whether individuals with SLI exhibit cognitive characteristics reminiscent of autism.

Maternal Serum Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy and Offspring Neurocognitive Development

New research links poor language to lack of Vitamin D in womb.

The Dyslexia Candidate Locus on 2p12 Is Associated with General Cognitive Ability and White Matter Structure

To further explore the effect of disorder-associated genes on cognitive functions, we investigated whether they play a role in broader cognitive traits.

Fetal head circumference growth in children with specific language impairment

The aim was to characterise fetal brain growth in children with specific language impairment (SLI). A nested case-control study was set in Perth, WA.

Sex-specific associations between umbilical cord blood testosterone levels and language delay in early childhood

Preliminary evidence suggests that prenatal testosterone exposure may be associated with language delay. However, no study has examined a large sample of...

Are autistic traits in the general population stable across development?

There is accumulating evidence that autistic traits (AT) are on a continuum in the general population.

Do hypertensive diseases of pregnancy disrupt neurocognitive development in offspring?

Do hypertensive diseases of pregnancy disrupt neurocognitive development in offspring?

Evaluating the twin testosterone transfer hypothesis: A review of the empirical evidence

In this paper we review the evidence that fetuses gestated with a male co-twin are masculinized in development, perhaps due to the influence of prenatal...

Where were those rabbits? A new paradigm to determine cerebral lateralisation of visuospatial memory function in children

In this study we devised a child-friendly version of a paradigm to assess lateralisation of visuospatial memory using functional transcranial Doppler...

Late-talking and risk for behavioral and emotional problems during childhood and adolescence

Although many toddlers with expressive vocabulary delay ("late talkers") present with age-appropriate language skills by the time they are of school age,...

Autistic-like traits in childhood predict later age at menarche in girls

We investigated the relationship between autistic-like traits in early childhood and age at menarche in typically developing girls.

Are autistic traits in the general population stable across development?

The current investigation measured AT in 360 males and 400 males from the general population close to two decades apart, using the Pervasive Developmental...

Where were those rabbits? A new paradigm to determine cerebral lateralisation of visuospatial memory function in children

In the majority of people, functional differences are observed between the two cerebral hemispheres: language production is typically subserved by the left...

Late-talking and risk for behavioural and emotional problems during childhood and adolescence

Although many toddlers with expressive vocabulary delay ("late talkers") present with age-appropriate language skills by the time they are of school age...

CNTNAP2 variants affect early language development in the general population

We tested the hypothesis that these CNTNAP2 variants affect communicative behavior, measured at 2 years of age in a large epidemiological sample...

No association between early gastrointestinal problems and autistic-like traits in the general population

No association between early gastrointestinal problems and autistic-like traits in the general population, determine whether gastrointestinal problems, early...

Analysis of dyslexia candidate genes in the Raine cohort representing the general Australian population

We have conducted an association study in a novel sample derived from the Australian population to further investigate the role of dyslexia candidate genes.

Autism and intellectual disability are differentially related to sociodemographic background at birth

We used population data on Western Australian singletons born from 1984 to 1999 (n = 398,353) to examine the sociodemographic characteristics of children...

Prenatal maternal stress associated with ADHD and autistic traits in early childhood

Research suggests that offspring of mothers who experience high levels of stress during pregnancy are more likely to have problems in neurobehavioral...

The effects of breast-feeding duration on language ability to middle childhood

Modern societies are challenged by "wicked problems" - by definition, those that are difficult to define, multi-casual and hard to treat.

A preliminary study of fetal head circumference growth in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Fetal head circumference (HC) growth was examined prospectively in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Breastfeeding duration and academic achievement at ten years

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between duration of breastfeeding and educational outcomes.

Duration of breast-feeding and language ability to middle childhood

There is controversy over whether increased breast-feeding duration has long-term benefits for language development.

Narrowing the broader autism phenotype: A study using the Communication Checklist

This study investigated whether the Communication Checklist - Adult (CC-A) could identify subtypes of social and communication dysfunction in autism probands an

Maternal life events during pregnancy and offspring language ability in middle childhood

There is accumulating evidence for a link between maternal stress during pregnancy and later behavioural and emotional problems in children.

Is there a sex ratio difference in the familial aggregation of specific language impairment? A meta analysis

This meta-analysis examined whether there is a sex ratio difference in the risk for impairment among family members of an SLI proband

Cell phone use by adolescents with Asperger Syndrome

While young people have generally been at the forefront of the adoption and use of new communications technologies, little is known of uses by exceptional youth

Free testosterone levels in umbilical-cord blood predict infant head circumference in females

Fetal androgens influence fetal growth as well as postnatal neurocognitive ability

Free testosterone levels in umbilical cord blood predict infant head circumference in girls

Fetal androgens influence fetal growth as well as postnatal neurocognitive ability.

Unpacking the complex nature of the autism epidemic

This paper discusses changes in diagnostic criteria, decreasing age at diagnosis, improved case ascertainment, diagnostic substitution, and social influences.

No clear genetic influences on the association between dyslexia and anxiety in a population-based sample of female twins

Individuals with dyslexia are at an increased risk for anxiety disorders (e.g. generalized anxiety disorder, stress disorders, panic disorder).

Reliability of a novel paradigm for determining hemispheric lateralization of visuospatial function

In most individuals, language production and visuospatial skills are subserved predominantly by the left and right hemispheres, respectively.

Inner speech impairment in children with autism is associated with greater nonverbal than verbal skills

We present a new analysis of Whitehouse, Maybery, and Durkin's (2006, Experiment 3) data on inner speech in children with autism (CWA).

Hemispheric division of function is the result of independent probabilistic biases

Causal theories propose that functional asymmetry is an obligatory pattern of organisation, while statistical theories maintain this is a reflection...

Qualitative aspects of developmental language impairment relate to language and literacy outcome in adulthood

Developmental language disorder is a heterogeneous diagnostic category. Little research has compared the long-term outcomes of children with different...

Adult psychosocial outcomes of children with specific language impairment, pragmatic language impairment and autism

Evidence that some children also develop autistic symptomatology over time has raised suggestions that developmental language disorder...

Friendship, loneliness and depression in adolescents with Asperger's Syndrome

This study investigated the relation between friendship, loneliness and depressive symptoms in adolescents with Asperger's Syndrome (AS).

Differentiating between childhood communication disorders: Implications for language and psychosocial outcomes

Differentiating between childhood communication disorders: Implications for language and psychosocial outcomes

Cerebral dominance for language function in adults with specific language impairment or autism

A link between developmental language disorders and atypical cerebral lateralization has been postulated since the 1920s, but evidence has been indirect and...

Do children with autism 'switch off' to speech sounds? An investigation using event-related potentials

Autism is a disorder characterized by a core impairment in social behaviour. A prominent component of this social deficit is poor orienting to speech.

Autism and diagnostic substitution: Evidence from a study of adults with a history of developmental language disorder

Rates of diagnosis of autism have risen since 1980, raising the question of whether some children who previously had other diagnoses are now being diagnosed...

The recruitment and retention of Speech and Language Therapists: What do university students find important?

The increasing need for speech and language therapy (SLT) services, coupled with poor employment retention rates, poses serious cost-benefit considerations.

The broader language phenotype of Autism: A comparison with Specific Language Impairment

Some individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) experience linguistic difficulties similar to those found in individuals with specific language...

Evidence against poor semantic encoding in individuals with autism

This article tests the hypothesis that individuals with autism poorly encode verbal information to the semantic level of processing, instead paying greater...

The development of the picture superiority effect

When pictures and words are presented serially in an explicit memory task, recall of the pictures is superior.

Inner speech impairments in autism

Three experiments investigated the role of inner speech deficit in cognitive performances of children with autism.