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        Geogenic PM10 exposure exacerbates responses to influenza infection

        This study aimed to determine whether chronic, low-dose exposure to geogenic particulate matter <10μm diameter (PM10) exacerbates viral infections of the... ...

        Research

        Biodiesel exhaust-induced cytotoxicity and proinflammatory mediator production in human airway epithelial cells

        Canola biodiesel exhaust exposure elicits inflammation and reduces viability of human epithelial cell cultures in vitro when compared with ULSD exhaust exposure ...

        Research

        Treatment with inhaled aerosolised ethanol reduces viral load and potentiates macrophage responses in an established influenza mouse model

        Treatment options for viral lung infections are currently limited. We aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of inhaled ethanol in an influenza-infection mouse model. ...

        Research

        A rapid semi-quantitative screening method to assess chemicals present in heated e-liquids and e-cigarette aerosols

        Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) lack regulatory status as therapeutic products in all jurisdictions worldwide. They are potentially unsafe consumer products, with significant evidence they pose a risk to human health. Therefore, developing rapid, economical test methods to assess the chemical composition of e-liquids in heated and unheated forms and the aerosols produced by e-cigarettes is crucial. ...

        Research

        Epidemiology of Hospital Admissions for Craniosynostosis in Australia: A Population-Based Study

        To describe trends, age, and sex-specific patterns of population hospital admissions with a diagnosis of craniosynostosis (CS) in Australia. Population data for hospital separations (in-patient) from public and private hospitals (July 1996-June 2018) were obtained from the publicly available Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) National Hospital Morbidity Database. ...

        Research

        Previous Influenza Infection Exacerbates Allergen Specific Response and Impairs Airway Barrier Integrity in Pre-Sensitized Mice

        In this study we assessed the effects of antigen exposure in mice pre‐sensitized with allergen following viral infection on changes in lung function, cellular responses and tight junction expression. ...

        Research

        IRF7-Associated Immunophenotypes Have Dichotomous Responses to Virus/Allergen Coexposure and OM-85-Induced Reprogramming

        High risk for virus-induced asthma exacerbations in children is associated with an IRF7lo immunophenotype, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we applied a Systems Biology approach to an animal model comprising rat strains manifesting high versus low susceptibility to experimental asthma, induced by virus/allergen coexposure, to elucidate the mechanism(s)-of-action of the high-risk asthma immunophenotype. ...

        Research

        Sensitizing and Th2 Adjuvant Activity of Cysteine Protease Allergens

        Here, we report on a model that does not use Th2-skewing adjuvants and yet achieves sensitization solely via the nasal mucosa. ...

        Research

        In utero cigarette smoke exposure impairs somatic and lung growth in BALB/c mice

        The aim of this study was to assess whether in utero tobacco smoke exposure alone affects early-life lung growth and development. Pregnant BALB/c mice... ...

        Research

        Persistent and compartmentalised disruption of dendritic cell subpopulations in the lung following influenza A virus infection

        Immunological homeostasis in the respiratory tract is thought to require balanced interactions between networks of dendritic cell (DC) subsets in lung... ...

        Research

        Vitamin D supplementation of initially vitamin D-deficient mice diminishes lung inflammation with limited effects on pulmonary epithelial integrity

        In disease settings, vitamin D may be important for maintaining optimal lung epithelial integrity and suppressing inflammation, but less is known of its effects prior to disease onset. ...

        Research

        Effect of human rhinovirus infection on airway epithelium tight junction protein disassembly and transepithelial permeability

        HRV-1B infection directly alters human airway epithelial TJ expression leading to increased epithelial permeability potentially via antiviral response of IL-15 ...

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