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        Protection against severe infant lower respiratory tract infections by immune training: Mechanistic studies

        Results from recent clinical studies suggest potential efficacy of immune training (IT)-based approaches for protection against severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants, but underlying mechanisms are unclear. ...

        Research

        Remission of peanut allergy is associated with rewiring of allergen-driven T helper 2-related gene networks

        The immunological changes underpinning acquisition of remission (also called sustained unresponsiveness) following food immunotherapy remain poorly defined. Limited access to effective therapies and biosamples from treatment responders has prevented progress. Probiotic peanut oral immunotherapy is highly effective at inducing remission, providing an opportunity to investigate immune changes. ...

        Research

        Decoding Susceptibility to Respiratory Viral Infections and Asthma Inception in Children

        Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Rhinovirus are the most frequent cause of respiratory tract infections in infants and children and are major triggers of acute viral bronchiolitis, wheezing and asthma exacerbations. ...

        Research

        Protection against neonatal respiratory viral infection via maternal treatment during pregnancy with the benign immune training agent OM-85

        Incomplete maturation of immune regulatory functions at birth is antecedent to the heightened risk for severe respiratory infections during infancy. Our forerunner animal model studies demonstrated that maternal treatment with the microbial-derived immune training agent OM-85 during pregnancy promotes accelerated postnatal maturation of mechanisms that regulate inflammatory processes in the offspring airways. ...

        Research

        Atopy-dependent and independent immune responses in the heightened severity of atopics to respiratory viral infections: Rat model studies

        The co-exposure responses in the Th2high BN incorporated type I interferon/Th1, alternative macrophage activation/Th2 and Th17 signatures ...

        Research

        CD8+XCR1neg Dendritic Cells Express High Levels of Toll-Like Receptor 5 and a Unique Complement of Endocytic Receptors

        Our data demonstrate that CD8+XCR1neg DCs possess a unique pattern of endocytic receptors and a restricted TLR profile that is particularly enriched for TLR5 ...

        Research

        Progressive increase of FcεRI expression across several PBMC subsets is associated with atopy and atopic asthma within school-aged children

        The expression pattern of FcεRI on DC and basophils differentiates asthmatic from non-asthmatic atopic children ...

        Research

        Airway Microbiota Dynamics Uncover a Critical Window for Interplay of Pathogenic Bacteria and Allergy in Childhood Respiratory Disease

        To complement early allergic sensitization, monitoring NPM composition may enable early detection and intervention in high-risk children ...

        Research

        Towards a PBMC "virogram assay" for precision medicine: Concordance between ex vivo and in vivo viral infection transcriptomes

        In this rhinovirus study, we first hypothesized that ex vivo human cells response to virus can serve as a proxy for otherwise controversial in vivo human... ...

        Research

        Airway Epithelial Cells Condition Dendritic Cells to Express Multiple Immune Surveillance Genes

        AEC-conditioned DC showed selective upregulation of chemokines that recruit Th1 cells, but minimal change in chemokines linked to Th2 cell recruitment. ...

        Research

        An immunometabolomic approach to unmask developmental regulation of innate immunity and asthma risk

        Deborah James Pat Strickland Read Holt DH JR PG PhD PhD, DSc, FRCPath, FRCPI, FAA Program Head, Immunobiology and Immunotherapeutic Program Honorary Research Associate Emeritus Honorary Researcher Deb.Strickland@telethonkids.org.au james.read@ ...

        Research

        Off-target effects of bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2: implications for protection against severe COVID-19

        Because of its beneficial off-target effects against non-mycobacterial infectious diseases, bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination might be an accessible early intervention to boost protection against novel pathogens. Multiple epidemiological studies and randomised controlled trials are investigating the protective effect of BCG against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ...

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