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        Protection against severe infant lower respiratory tract infections by immune training: Mechanistic studies

        Results from recent clinical studies suggest potential efficacy of immune training (IT)-based approaches for protection against severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants, but underlying mechanisms are unclear. ...

        Research

        Progressive increase of FcεRI expression across several PBMC subsets is associated with atopy and atopic asthma within school-aged children

        The expression pattern of FcεRI on DC and basophils differentiates asthmatic from non-asthmatic atopic children ...

        Research

        Pregnancy Induces a Steady-State Shift in Alveolar Macrophage M1/M2 Phenotype That Is Associated With a Heightened Severity of Influenza Virus Infection

        Pregnancy is associated with an alternatively activated phenotype of alveolar macrophage before infection ...

        Research

        Airway Microbiota Dynamics Uncover a Critical Window for Interplay of Pathogenic Bacteria and Allergy in Childhood Respiratory Disease

        To complement early allergic sensitization, monitoring NPM composition may enable early detection and intervention in high-risk children ...

        Research

        Atopy-dependent and independent immune responses in the heightened severity of atopics to respiratory viral infections: Rat model studies

        The co-exposure responses in the Th2high BN incorporated type I interferon/Th1, alternative macrophage activation/Th2 and Th17 signatures ...

        Research

        Remission of peanut allergy is associated with rewiring of allergen-driven T helper 2-related gene networks

        The immunological changes underpinning acquisition of remission (also called sustained unresponsiveness) following food immunotherapy remain poorly defined. Limited access to effective therapies and biosamples from treatment responders has prevented progress. Probiotic peanut oral immunotherapy is highly effective at inducing remission, providing an opportunity to investigate immune changes. ...

        Research

        Protection against neonatal respiratory viral infection via maternal treatment during pregnancy with the benign immune training agent OM-85

        Incomplete maturation of immune regulatory functions at birth is antecedent to the heightened risk for severe respiratory infections during infancy. Our forerunner animal model studies demonstrated that maternal treatment with the microbial-derived immune training agent OM-85 during pregnancy promotes accelerated postnatal maturation of mechanisms that regulate inflammatory processes in the offspring airways. ...

        Research

        The intersect of genetics, environment, and microbiota in asthma-perspectives and challenges

        In asthma, a significant portion of the interaction between genetics and environment occurs through microbiota. The proposed mechanisms behind this interaction are complex and at times contradictory. This review covers recent developments in our understanding of this interaction: the "microbial hypothesis" and the "farm effect"; the role of endotoxin and genetic variation in pattern recognition systems; the interaction with allergen exposure; the additional involvement of host gut and airway microbiota; the role of viral respiratory infections in interaction with the 17q21 and CDHR3 genetic loci; and the importance of in utero and early-life timing of exposures. ...

        Research

        Persistent activation of interlinked type 2 airway epithelial gene networks in sputum-derived cells from aeroallergen-sensitized symptomatic asthmatics

        Our findings provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms operative at baseline in the airway mucosa in atopic asthmatic with natural aeroallergen exposure ...

        Research

        Tracking of Vitamin D status from childhood to early adulthood and its association with peak bone mass

        There are moderate associations between vitamin D status measured in prepuberty, adolescence, and early adulthood ...

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